Shaftesbury led the 1679 “exclusion” campaign to bar the Catholic duke of York (the future James II) from the royal succession. That year he supervised a dangerous liver operation on Shaftesbury that likely saved his patron’s life.įor the next two decades, Locke’s fortunes were tied to Shaftesbury, who was first a leading minister to Charles II and then a founder of the opposing Whig Party. The two struck up a friendship that blossomed into full patronage, and a year later Locke was appointed physician to Shaftesbury’s household. In 1666 Locke met the parliamentarian Anthony Ashley Cooper, later the first Earl of Shaftesbury. He also studied medicine extensively and was an associate of Robert Hooke, Robert Boyle and other leading Oxford scientists. Before she married the two had exchanged love poems, and on his return from exile, Locke moved into Lady Damaris and her husband’s household.īetween 16, John Locke was a student and then lecturer at Christ Church, Oxford, where he focused on the standard curriculum of logic, metaphysics and classics. Using his wartime connections, he placed his son in the elite Westminster School.ĭid you know? John Locke’s closest female friend was the philosopher Lady Damaris Cudworth Masham. His father was a lawyer and small landowner who had fought on the Parliamentarian side during the English Civil Wars of the 1640s. John Locke was born in 1632 in Wrighton, Somerset.
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